11th Class PSA Qualitative Reasoning Supporting Material: |
Analogy Test
The dictionary meaning of the word „Analogy? is „resemblance in certain ways. In this type of questions the candidate are to discover likeness between the firsttwo words, group of alphabets, figures or numbers. Bearing this resemblance in mind you are to pick one word or group of alphabets or figures which bears the same resemblance with the third word, group of alphabets or figures.
Word Analogies- Hot : Cold :: Agitated : ? The analogy between the first and second word is that the second in the antonym of the first. Bearing this relation in mind, calm bears the same relation with agitated. There could be different type of relationship:-
--- Synonym Relationship e.g. Thin: Slim :: Stout : Strong
--- Antonym Relationship e.g. Thin: Portly :: Slim : Stout
--- Degree of Difference e.g. Frequently : Always :: Seldom : Never
--- Cause and effect e.g. shoot : Kill :: Insult : Humiliate
--- whole & part e.g. Fender : Tire :: Elevator : Aileron
--- Function composition action e.g. Axe: Wood :: Scissor : Fabric
--- Sequential e.g. Eight: Nine :: 2 3 : 3 2 Number Analogy:-
1) 4 : 27 :: 9 : ?
a) 12 b) 64
c) 32 d) 16
Explanation :- 2 3 : 3 3 : : 3 2 : ? So the answer should be 4 3 = 64 So correct answer is (b).
2) 3 : 26 :: ? : 124
a)15 b) 13
C ) 17 d) 24
Explanation :- 2 2 – 1 : 3 3 – 1 : : ? : 53 -1 So the answer should be 42 - 1 = 16-1 = 15 So the correct answer is 15 Similarly analogy in alphabets is seen.
ANALOGY (NON-VERBAL)
Analogy is the process of reasoning between two parallel cases. It related to agreement or correspondence in certain respects between two things. It is a process whereby the underlying relationship that exists between two figures, designs or patterns is determined. Under common to the two figures or designs. this common feature is a model or base. The question seeks solution or the basis of this model or base.
SAMPLE QUESTIONS
Q: Select the correct combination of mathematical signs to replace * sign to balance the given equation.
Q. 24*3*2*12*3
a) x÷=x
b) x=x÷
c) x=+x
d) +x=x
Q. 6*1*6*4*2*6
a) ÷x=+x
b) x÷=+x
c) x÷=x+
d) x÷x=+
Q. 18*3*1*26*28
a) ÷x=+
b) ÷++=
c) x÷=-
d) x÷=+
Q. 11*11*11*12321
a) xx=x
b) xxx=
c) x=xx
d) xx÷=
Q. In a coded language Q U A L I T A T I V E is written as T A U L A T I T E V. How is L O G I C A L written in the same language:-
a) L A G I C A L
b) O L I G A C L
c) M G O C I L A
d) K G O C I L A
Q. IF C O N T R I B U T E is written as E T B U I R N T O C how is P O P U L A R I S E Written in that code:
a) E S R I A L P U O P
b) E S I R A L U P O P
c) O P U P A L I R E S
d) P O U P L A I R S E
Q. Shilpi walks 6 km towards south from her house. Then she turns right and walk 6 km, then she again turns to right and walks 2 km, then again turns to her right and walks for another 2 km, then she takes a turn to her left and walks 7 km. How far is she from her house?
a) 5 km NW b) 5 km NE c) 3 km NW d) 3 km NE
Q. I go to 5 km East then turn right and go 8 km. Then I turn left and go 5 km and then I turn left and go 8 km. At what distance am I from starting point.
a)16 km b) 0 km c) 13 km d) 10 km
Q. Two buses start moving from opposite points on a main road, 100 km apart. The first bus‘X’ runs for 25 kms and takes a right turn and then runs for 15 kms. It turns then to left and again runs for 15 kms. It then turns left and takes the direction back to reach the main road. In the mean time other bus ‘Y’ has run only for 40 kms along the main road. What would be the distance between the two buses at this point?
a) 30 km b) 35 km c) 40 km d) 45 km
Q. A woman pointing to a photograph says ?This man‘s son‘s sister is my mother – in - law?. How is the woman‘s husband related to the man in the photograph?
a) Grandson b) Son c) Son in Law d) Nephew
Q. I a group of six students, Nitin is heavier than Mahesh but lighter than Nandu. Ketan is lighter than Mahesh but he is not as lighter as Ramesh. If Nandu is lighter than Amit, then who is the lightest?
a) Mahesh b) Ketan c) Ramesh d) Nandu
Q. In a row of boys , Deepak is 7th from left and Madhur is 12th from right. If they interchange their positions, Deepak becomes 22nd from the left. How many boys are there in the row?
a) 19 b) 31 c) 33 d) 18
Q. Shailendra is shorter than Keshav but taller than Rakesh. Madhav is the tallest. Ashish is a little shorter than Keshav and a little taller than Shailendra. If they stand in the order of their height , who will be in the middle?
a) Keshav b) Rakesh c) Shailendra d) Ashish
SYLLOGISM (EXAMPLE)
Q.1: Statements: I Some Politician is social workers. II All doctors are social workers Conclusion: I Some doctors are politicians II Some social workers are doctors as well as politicians
a) Both conclusion I and II follow
b) Only I follow
c) Only II follow
d) Neither conclusion I nor II follows
Q.2: Statements: I Some Chairs are tables. II Some tables are TV. Conclusion: I Some chairs are T.V. II Some TV are chairs III All the T.V. is table IV All the tables are chairs
a) Only II and IV follows
b) Only I and IV follows
c) Only IV
d) None of these
Q.3: Statements: I All the phones are papers II All the papers are calculators. Conclusion: I All the calculators are papers II All the phones are calculators III All the papers are phones IV Some calculators are phones.
a) All follows
b) Only I and II follows
c) Only II and IV follows
d) None of these
Q.4: Statements: I All men are vertebrates II Some Mammals are vertebrates. Conclusion: I All men are vertebrates II Some vertebrates are mammals III All vertebrates are men IV All mammals are men.
a) Only II follows
b) Only IV follows
c) Only I and III follows
d) None of these
PASSAGE BASED MCQ
Directions:- A,B,C,D,E,F and G are seven kids playing in the garden. They are wearing a clothes of colours—black, blue, white, green, pink, yellow and brown. Out of the seven, three are girls. No girl is wearing either black, yellow or brown. D‘s sister F is wearing pink while he is wearing brown. A is wearing blue, while his sister B is not wearing green. E is wearing yellow, while his best friend G is a boy.
Q.1: What colour is B wearing?
a) Green b) Pink c) Brown d) None of these
Q.2: What colour is G wearing?
a) Black b) Blue c) White d) Green
Q.3 What colour is C wearing?
a) Black b) Green c) White d) None of these
Q.4: What colour are the sister of A and D wearing?
a) Pink & Green b) Pink & Yellow c) White & Green d) White & Brown
Q.5: Which group is denoting only Girls?
a) BCE b) BEF c) BCF d) None of these
Q.6: Which group is denoting only boys?
a) ADEF b) ADEG c) ADBG d) None of these
PASSAGE (Venn Diagram Puzzle)
There is a sample of young people in a colony. Some of them are employed. Some of them come from rural background. Some of them are hardworking and some are intelligent. Below given is Venn Diagram , where the circle stands for employed, the square for hardworking, the triangle stands for rural and the rectangle stand for intelligent people study the figure carefully and answer the question followed.
Q.1 How many people with rural background are employed but they are neither hard working nor intelligent?
a) 10 b) 9 c) 6 d) 4
Q.2 How many people with rural background are hard working and intelligent?
a) 3 b) 4 c) 5 d) 7
Q.3 How many people with rural background are not intelligent but hardworking and employed?
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4
Q.4 How many people with rural background are neither intelligent not hardworking and also not employed?
a) 2 b) 4 c) 5 d) 9
Q.5 How many people with rural background are neither employed nor intelligent?
a) 2 b) 8 c) 4 d) 5
Q.6 How many of them are not from rural background but intelligent so employed but they are not working?
a) 8 b) 9 c) 1 d) 17
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